Territories and temporality of indiginous alterity. Frontiers in Northpatagonia, XIX and XX centuries: Fronteras en la Norpatagonia, siglos XIX y XX

Abstract

In this work we are interested in addressing state constructions from the study of native populations, focusing on the transformations in their trans-mountain relations and in their forms of territoriality. It analyzed their link with the establishment of differentiation systems implemented by national states, process in which the establishment of a binational limit, differential access to the means of production, surveillance, control and discipline mechanisms, theories of social construction and impositions and construction of national identifications are inserted. The objective is to examine, from the Argentine case, a triple border. The first is linked to the spatio-temporal construction of the national states, the second is the normative border of the bodies that defines discrete places of the indigenous, and the third is the disciplinary frontier in the new society. These understood as moments in which alterity is produced and reproduced and that make it possible to understand, in its historical dimension, the conditions and possibilities of Mapuche-Tehuelche territorialization from the forced incorporation into the national states. For this purpose, official and of social memory sources that recover the experiences of Mapuche and Tehuelche men, women, girls and boys are used.