Variación dialectal: aspectos relevantes en la investigación y práctica fonoaudiológica

Abstract

Approximately 500 million people have Spanish as their native language, primarily in Europe and the Americas. Despite the absence of substantial differences between the variants of Spanish spoken in both regions, dialectal variation is observed, a common linguistic phenomenon encompassing aspects such as vocabulary, syntax, discourse, or intonation, among others. Disregarding these differences can negatively impact speech therapy practice and research. This work aims to review dialectal variation in the context of speech therapy to guide both practice and research with Spanish speakers. To this end, examples of dialectal variation at various language levels are presented, along with theoretical comments. Furthermore, cases of dialectal variation at a national level, language contact processes between indigenous languages and Spanish, and variation resulting from recent migratory processes are commented on.